Canada Health Care Work Visa: A Complete Guide

Introduction and Key Takeaways

Canada’s healthcare sector is a major employer of foreign workers, particularly in the context of an aging population and ongoing labour shortages. If you are a healthcare professional looking to work in Canada, obtaining a work visa is a crucial step in the process.

In this comprehensive guide, we’ll cover everything you need to know about getting a Canada health care work visa, including:

• The different types of work visas available for healthcare professionals
• Eligibility requirements for each type of visa
• The application process and required documents
• Tips for finding a job in the Canadian healthcare sector
• Pathways to permanent residence for healthcare workers
• Special considerations for specific healthcare occupations
• The impact of COVID-19 on healthcare work visas and the labour market

By understanding the visa options available and the steps involved in the application process, you can increase your chances of successfully obtaining a Canada health care work visa and starting your career in Canada.

Key takeaways:

• Healthcare is one of the most in-demand sectors for foreign workers in Canada, with ongoing labour shortages in many occupations
• The main work visa options for healthcare professionals are the Temporary Foreign Worker Program (TFWP) and the International Mobility Program (IMP)
• To be eligible for a work visa, you typically need a job offer from a Canadian employer and a valid license to practice in your occupation
• The application process involves obtaining a Labour Market Impact Assessment (LMIA) from the employer, submitting an online application, and providing supporting documents
• Many healthcare occupations are eligible for expedited processing and pathways to permanent residence, such as the Express Entry system
• It’s important to research the specific requirements and processes for your occupation and province of work

Types of Work Visas for Healthcare Professionals

There are two main programs through which healthcare professionals can obtain a work visa to work in Canada: the Temporary Foreign Worker Program (TFWP) and the International Mobility Program (IMP).

Temporary Foreign Worker Program (TFWP)

The TFWP allows Canadian employers to hire foreign workers to fill temporary labour and skill shortages when qualified Canadian citizens or permanent residents are not available.

To hire a foreign worker under the TFWP, the employer must first obtain a positive Labour Market Impact Assessment (LMIA) from Employment and Social Development Canada (ESDC). The LMIA verifies that there is a need for a foreign worker to fill the job and that no qualified Canadians were passed up in the process.

There are several streams under the TFWP that may be relevant for healthcare professionals:

1. High-wage workers: For positions that meet or exceed the median hourly wage for a given occupation and region. Many healthcare occupations, such as doctors, nurses, and pharmacists, fall into this category.
2. Global Talent Stream: For highly skilled workers in in-demand occupations, such as clinical research associates and biomedical engineers. The Global Talent Stream offers expedited processing of work permit applications.
3. Caregivers: For positions providing care for children, the elderly, or people with medical needs, either in a private household or a health facility. This includes occupations such as registered nurses, licensed practical nurses, and personal support workers.

International Mobility Program (IMP)

The IMP allows Canadian employers to hire foreign workers without needing an LMIA. The IMP aims to advance Canada’s broad economic and cultural national interests, through channels like reciprocal employment arrangements and competitive advantages.

There are several categories under the IMP that may be relevant for healthcare professionals:

1. Intra-company transferees: For employees of multinational healthcare companies being transferred to a Canadian branch or subsidiary.
2. International agreements: For healthcare professionals coming to Canada under free trade agreements like the Canada-United States-Mexico Agreement (CUSMA) or the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP).
3. Research and studies: For healthcare professionals coming to Canada to conduct research or undergo training at a Canadian healthcare institution.
4. Francophone Mobility: For French-speaking healthcare professionals doing managerial or professional level work outside of Quebec.

Under the IMP, the sponsoring employer must submit an offer of employment through the Employer Portal and pay a compliance fee of $230. The worker can then apply for a work permit.

Eligibility Requirements for Healthcare Work Visas

To be eligible for a Canada health care work visa, you typically need to meet the following requirements:

1. Job Offer

In most cases, you need a valid job offer from a Canadian employer to apply for a work visa. The job offer must be in writing and include details such as the job title, duties, salary, and duration of employment.

For occupations under the TFWP, the employer must also obtain a positive LMIA before extending the job offer. For occupations under the IMP, the employer must submit an offer of employment through the Employer Portal.

2. Licensing and Certification

To work in a regulated healthcare occupation in Canada, such as a doctor, nurse, or pharmacist, you must have a valid license or certification from the appropriate regulatory body in the province or territory where you will be working.

The requirements for licensing and certification vary by occupation and province, but generally involve:

• Having your foreign credentials and qualifications assessed and verified
• Meeting the language proficiency requirements for your occupation (usually English or French)
• Passing a licensing exam or evaluation
• Undergoing a criminal background check and providing evidence of good character
• Paying the applicable fees

It’s important to research the specific licensing requirements for your occupation and province well in advance, as the process can take several months to complete.

3. Language Proficiency

Most healthcare occupations in Canada require a high level of language proficiency in either English or French, depending on the province of work. You may need to take a language test, such as the International English Language Testing System (IELTS) or the Test d’Evaluation de Français (TEF), and achieve a minimum score to be eligible for licensing and a work visa.

The language requirements vary by occupation and province, but generally range from Canadian Language Benchmark (CLB) level 6 to 9. You can find the specific requirements on the website of the regulatory body for your occupation in your province of work.

4. Health and Character Requirements

To be eligible for a Canada health care work visa, you must be in good health and have no criminal record. You may need to undergo a medical examination and provide a police clearance certificate as part of your visa application.

The medical examination will assess your overall health and ensure that you do not pose a danger to public health or safety in Canada. The police clearance certificate will verify that you have no criminal convictions or outstanding charges that would make you inadmissible to Canada.

Work Visa Application Process

The application process for a Canada health care work visa involves several steps, which may vary depending on your occupation, province of work, and type of visa.

1. Obtain a Job Offer

The first step in the process is to obtain a valid job offer from a Canadian employer in your healthcare occupation. You can search for job opportunities through online job boards, professional associations, or by contacting employers directly.

Once you have a job offer, the employer will need to obtain a positive LMIA (if required) and provide you with a copy of the LMIA letter and the job offer.

2. Apply for Licensing and Certification

If your occupation is regulated in Canada, you will need to apply for licensing or certification from the appropriate regulatory body in your province of work. This process can take several months, so it’s important to start early.

You will need to provide documentation of your foreign credentials and qualifications, as well as evidence of language proficiency and good character. You may also need to pass a licensing exam or evaluation.

3. Submit a Work Permit Application

Once you have a job offer and the necessary licensing or certification, you can submit an application for a work permit online through the IRCC website. The application will require you to provide:

• A copy of your passport or travel document
• A copy of your job offer letter and LMIA (if applicable)
• Proof of your licensing or certification (if applicable)
• Evidence of your language proficiency (if applicable)
• Police clearance certificates from any countries where you have lived for six months or more
• Proof of your medical examination (if required)
• Payment of the work permit processing fee ($155 CAD as of 2023)

You may also need to provide biometrics (fingerprints and a photo) as part of your application, depending on your country of citizenship.

4. Wait for a Decision

After submitting your application, you will receive an acknowledgement of receipt from IRCC. Processing times vary depending on the type of visa and the volume of applications, but you can track the status of your application online.

If your application is approved, you will receive a letter of introduction confirming that you are authorized to work in Canada. You will need to present this letter, along with your passport and other supporting documents, to a border services officer when you arrive in Canada to obtain your work permit.

If your application is denied, you will receive a letter explaining the reasons for the refusal and any options for appeal or reapplication.

Finding a Job in the Canadian Healthcare Sector

One of the key challenges of obtaining a Canada health care work visa is finding a job offer from a Canadian employer. Here are some tips and resources to help you in your job search:

1. Research the Labour Market

Before starting your job search, it’s important to research the labour market conditions and demand for your occupation in the province or territory where you want to work. You can find information on labour market trends, job vacancies, and salary ranges through sources like:

• Job Bank – the Government of Canada’s official job search website, with job postings and labour market information by occupation and region
• HealthForceOntario – a joint initiative of the Ontario Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care and the Ministry of Training, Colleges and Universities, with job postings and resources for healthcare professionals in Ontario
• Health Match BC – a health professional recruitment service funded by the Government of British Columbia, with job postings and resources for healthcare professionals in BC
• Professional associations and regulatory bodies for your occupation, which may have job boards or career resources specific to your field

2. Network and Make Connections

Networking is a crucial part of any job search, and it can be especially valuable when looking for work in a new country. Some ways to build your professional network in Canada include:

• Attending job fairs, conferences, and events related to your occupation or the healthcare sector
• Joining professional associations or groups related to your occupation, and participating in their events and online communities
• Connecting with alumni from your school or training program who are working in Canada
• Reaching out to Canadian employers or recruiters directly to express your interest and inquire about job opportunities
• Leveraging your existing network of colleagues, mentors, and friends to get referrals and introductions

Remember to approach networking with a spirit of curiosity and generosity, rather than just asking for job leads. Focus on building genuine relationships and offering value to your contacts, and opportunities will naturally arise.

3. Tailor Your Application

When applying for jobs in Canada, it’s important to tailor your resume, cover letter, and other application materials to the Canadian job market and the specific employer and position. Some tips for creating a strong application include:

• Using a clear, concise, and easy-to-read format for your resume and cover letter
• Highlighting your relevant skills, experience, and qualifications, using keywords and language from the job posting
• Emphasizing your language proficiency and any Canadian credentials or experience you may have
• Customizing your application to the specific employer and position, and demonstrating your knowledge of and interest in their organization
• Including references from Canadian employers or colleagues, if possible

4. Consider Alternative Pathways

While having a job offer is the most common pathway to a Canada health care work visa, there may be other options depending on your circumstances, such as:

• Applying for permanent residence through the Express Entry system, if you have a high level of education, language proficiency, and work experience
• Participating in a provincial nominee program, if you have a job offer or skills in high demand in a specific province or territory
• Applying for a study permit to pursue further education or training in Canada, which can lead to post-graduation work opportunities
• Exploring the working holiday visa or other youth mobility programs, if you are under 35 and from an eligible country

It’s important to carefully research and consider all your options, and seek advice from a qualified immigration professional if needed.

Pathways to Permanent Residence for Healthcare Workers

While a work visa is a temporary option for working in Canada, many healthcare professionals may be interested in obtaining permanent residence and eventually citizenship. Here are some of the main pathways to permanent residence for healthcare workers in Canada:

1. Express Entry

Express Entry is a points-based system for managing applications for permanent residence under three federal economic immigration programs: the Federal Skilled Worker Program, the Federal Skilled Trades Program, and the Canadian Experience Class.

To be eligible for Express Entry, you must meet the minimum requirements for one of these programs, which include factors such as age, education, language proficiency, and work experience. Healthcare occupations that are eligible for Express Entry include:

• Doctors and specialists
• Nurses and nurse practitioners
• Pharmacists
• Physiotherapists and occupational therapists
• Medical lab technologists and technicians
• Respiratory therapists and clinical perfusionists
• Dietitians and nutritionists

If you are eligible for Express Entry, you can create an online profile and enter the pool of candidates. You will be given a score based on the Comprehensive Ranking System (CRS), which takes into account factors such as your age, education, language proficiency, work experience, and job offer.

The highest-ranking candidates in the pool are invited to apply for permanent residence through regular draws from the pool. If you receive an invitation to apply, you will have 60 days to submit a complete application, including police clearances, medical exams, and other supporting documents.

2. Provincial Nominee Program

The Provincial Nominee Program (PNP) allows provinces and territories to nominate individuals who meet their specific labour market needs for permanent residence. Each province and territory has its own PNP streams and criteria, which may include factors such as job offer, education, work experience, and language proficiency.

Many provinces have PNP streams specifically for healthcare workers, such as:

• Ontario’s Human Capital Priorities Stream for workers in high-demand occupations, including nurses and personal support workers
• British Columbia’s Healthcare Professional Stream for physicians, nurses, and other allied health professionals with a job offer in BC
• Nova Scotia’s Physician Stream for physicians with a job offer and sponsorship from the Nova Scotia Health Authority or IWK Health Centre

To be eligible for a PNP, you must first apply to the province or territory and be nominated. You can then apply for permanent residence through IRCC, either through the Express Entry system (if you are eligible) or through a paper-based process.

3. Atlantic Immigration Program

The Atlantic Immigration Program is a pathway to permanent residence for skilled workers and international graduates who want to work and live in one of Canada’s four Atlantic provinces: New Brunswick, Newfoundland and Labrador, Nova Scotia, and Prince Edward Island.

To be eligible for the Atlantic Immigration Program, you must have a job offer from a designated employer in one of the Atlantic provinces, and meet the education, language, and work experience requirements for your occupation. Healthcare occupations that are eligible for the program include:

• Registered nurses and registered psychiatric nurses
• Licensed practical nurses
• Nurse aides, orderlies, and patient service associates
• Pharmacists
• Occupational therapists and physiotherapists
• Medical laboratory technologists and pathologists’ assistants
• Respiratory therapists, clinical perfusionists, and cardiopulmonary technologists

If you are eligible for the Atlantic Immigration Program, you must first apply to the province where you have a job offer and be endorsed. You can then apply for permanent residence through IRCC.

4. Caregiver Programs

There are two programs for caregivers who want to come to Canada to provide care for children, seniors, or people with medical needs:

Home Child Care Provider Pilot

Home Support Worker Pilot.

To be eligible for these programs, you must:

• Have a job offer or Canadian work experience in an eligible occupation, such as registered nurse, licensed practical nurse, or personal support worker
• Meet the language and education requirements for your occupation
• Meet the admissibility requirements, including health and security clearances

If you are eligible, you can apply for a work permit through the TFWP and start working in Canada. After you have two years of Canadian work experience, you can apply for permanent residence through the Caregiver Program.

-care-home-support-worker.html) and the Home Support Worker Pilot.

To be eligible for these programs, you must:

• Have a job offer or Canadian work experience in an eligible occupation, such as registered nurse, licensed practical nurse, or personal support worker
• Meet the language and education requirements for your occupation
• Meet the admissibility requirements, including health and security clearances

If you are eligible, you can apply for a work permit through the TFWP and start working in Canada. After you have two years of Canadian work experience, you can apply for permanent residence through the Caregiver Program.

Special Considerations for Specific Healthcare Occupations

While the general process for obtaining a Canada health care work visa applies to most healthcare occupations, there are some special considerations and programs for specific occupations.

Physicians

Physicians who want to work in Canada must first obtain a medical degree from an approved university and complete the required postgraduate training. They must then pass the Medical Council of Canada Qualifying Examination (MCCQE) and obtain a certificate from the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada or the College of Family Physicians of Canada.

To be eligible for a work visa, physicians must have a job offer from a Canadian employer and a provincial or territorial medical license. Some provinces, such as British Columbia, have special programs to recruit and retain physicians in underserved areas.

Nurses

Nurses who want to work in Canada must first have their foreign nursing credentials assessed by the National Nursing Assessment Service (NNAS) and pass an approved language test. They must then apply for registration with the nursing regulatory body in the province or territory where they want to work.

To be eligible for a work visa, nurses must have a job offer from a Canadian employer and a provincial or territorial nursing license. Some provinces, such as Nova Scotia, have special programs to recruit and retain nurses in high-demand areas.

Pharmacists

Pharmacists who want to work in Canada must first have their foreign pharmacy credentials assessed by the Pharmacy Examining Board of Canada (PEBC) and pass the PEBC Qualifying Examination. They must then complete a period of supervised practice and pass the PEBC Pharmacy Technician Qualifying Examination.

To be eligible for a work visa, pharmacists must have a job offer from a Canadian employer and a provincial or territorial pharmacy license. Some provinces, such as Alberta, have special programs to recruit and retain pharmacists in high-demand areas.

Medical Laboratory Technologists

Medical laboratory technologists who want to work in Canada must first have their foreign credentials assessed by the Canadian Society for Medical Laboratory Science (CSMLS) and pass the CSMLS Medical Laboratory Technologist (MLT) Certification Examination. They must then obtain a provincial or territorial MLT license.

To be eligible for a work visa, medical laboratory technologists must have a job offer from a Canadian employer and a provincial or territorial MLT license. Some provinces, such as Manitoba, have special programs to recruit and retain medical laboratory technologists in high-demand areas.

Impact of COVID-19 on Healthcare Work Visas

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on the process of obtaining a Canada health care work visa, as well as the healthcare labour market in general. While some of these impacts are temporary, others may have longer-lasting effects.

Travel Restrictions

During the height of the pandemic, Canada implemented travel restrictions that limited the entry of foreign nationals, including work permit holders. However, healthcare workers were generally exempt from these restrictions due to their essential role in responding to the pandemic.

As of 2023, most of these travel restrictions have been lifted, but there may still be some public health measures in place, such as quarantine requirements for certain travelers. It’s important to check the latest government guidelines before making any travel plans.

Processing Delays

The pandemic has also led to processing delays for work permit applications, as IRCC and other government agencies have had to adapt to remote work and reduced capacity. As of 2023, processing times for some applications may still be longer than usual.

However, IRCC has implemented some special measures to prioritize and expedite the processing of work permit applications for essential workers, including healthcare professionals. These measures include:

• Waiving the requirement for a Labour Market Impact Assessment (LMIA) for certain healthcare occupations
• Allowing employers to submit a job offer without a specific start date
• Expediting the processing of work permit applications for healthcare workers

It’s important to check the latest IRCC guidelines for updates on these special measures and processing times.

Labour Market Impacts

The pandemic has also had significant impacts on the healthcare labour market in Canada, with some occupations experiencing increased demand and others facing layoffs or reduced hours.

In general, the pandemic has highlighted the ongoing shortage of healthcare workers in Canada, particularly in occupations such as nursing, personal support work, and medical laboratory technology. Many provinces and employers have increased their recruitment efforts for these occupations, both domestically and internationally.

At the same time, the pandemic has also led to some challenges for healthcare workers, such as increased workload, stress, and risk of exposure to COVID-19. Some healthcare workers have faced layoffs or reduced hours due to the cancellation of elective procedures and the closure of clinics and other healthcare facilities.

As the pandemic continues to evolve, it’s important for healthcare workers to stay informed about the latest labour market trends and opportunities in their occupation and region. Professional associations, regulatory bodies, and government websites can provide valuable information and resources for navigating the job market during these challenging times.